1.
Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Mannanoligosaccharide On Reglamation Of Gastrointestinal Physiology In Dogs
by Khalid Abdul Majeed | Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Nisar | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mannan-oligosaccharide in small bowel resection. Intestinal resection is conducted in various pathological conditions, which is necessary in alleviation of the anomaly but produces ill effects related to the physiological functioning of the resected part. Various post-operative treatments have been suggested in this regard. Prebiotics can serve as an important dietary and clinical nutritive substance with potential to stabilize aftermath. Dogs with jejunal resection were used as an experimental animal and were divided into three groups in this study. Groups were Control (con), MOS-lower dose (MOS-LD) fed 2g MOS and MOS-higher dose (MOS-HD) fed 4g MOS in addition to 400g standard diet daily. Dogs were assessed for glucose, cholesterol, white blood cell counts on day 0, 1 5, 30, 45 of MOS supplementation. Ammonia, microbiological analysis for E.coli, total aerobes and ('lostridium per/ringens were done on fecal samples collected between day 24 and 28 of MOS supplementation. Fecal scoring system was used to study alleviation of diarrhea in two periods with each of 5 days. Period 1 was from day 18 to day 22 and period 2 was from day 41 to day 45 of MOS supplementation. Repeated measures and one way ANOVA was used for analysis of data. Positive effects of MOS were evident on relieving diarrhea and increasing blood lymphocytes. Total aerobes and clostridium count decreased significantly. This study paved way for further studies in the assessment of potency of MOS and other Prebiotics in gastrointestinal surgeries and their inclusion in management of short bowel and the therapeutic arsenal.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1154,T] (1).
2.
Effect Of Sub-Chronic Exposure Of Bisphenola On Serum Minrals And Bone Health In Rats
by Suliman (2014-VA-494) | Dr. Khalid Abdul Majeed | dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Saif ur Rehman Kashif.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are exogenous compounds present worldwide. Endocrine hormone production, release, transport, binding, action or elimination is enhanced or interrupted by EDs and hence affect homeostasis, development, reproduction and behaviour of organisms. Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most important EDs used extensively in consumer products such as beverage, food can lining, dental sealants and thermal paper and water pipes. BPA binds to estrogen receptors and enhance or interrupt the endocrine system. BPA have negative effectson bone health and serum minerals in rats.
A total of 48 adult rats were divided in three main groups i.e. (16 rats in each group). Each group was sub-divided into male (8 rats) and female (8rats). Control Group: Basal rat diet was provided to control group. Group A: BPA 1mg/kg body weight daily along with basal rat diet was given to group A. BPA was dissolved in 10 % ethanol and was diluted with distilled water. Group B: BPA 0.1mg/kg body weight daily along with basal rat diet was given to Group B. BPA was dissolved in 10 % ethanol and was diluted with distilled water. Trial duration was 3 months and at the end rats were killed to obtain the bones and muscles to observe their bone characteristics (bone length, width, and medullary canal diameter) and serum minerals (Zn, Fe, Cu and Ca) analysis.Data wasanalysed using two ways ANOVA through SPSS version (SPSS Inc. version 20, Chicago, Illinois) and was presented as mean± SEM.
Femur bone length was found to be significantly higher in male rats treated with BPA 0.1mg/kg and 1mg/kg compared to control. The femur bone length was not affected in female rats. Rest of the parameters in bone health of tibia and femur were not affected by treatment. Bone minerals (Ca, Cu, Fe, and Zn) were also not affected by the treatment irrespective of treatments.Serum calcium was significantly higher in mal rates treated with 1mg/kg BPA compared to control; whereas it decreased significantly in female rats treated with 1mg/kg BPA compared to control. Serum zinc concentrations also decreased significantly in female rats treated with BPA 1mg/kg compared to control. Muscle copper concentration was significantly higher in male rats treated with 1mg/kg BPA compared to control. Iron muscle concentration was significantly increased in male and female rats treated with 1mg/kg BPA compared to control. Muscle calcium concentration was significantly decreased in male rats treated with 1mg/kg BPA compared to control.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2492-T] (1).
3.
Evaluation Of Repeatedly Heated Oil Consumption On Anthropometric Characteristics And Lipid Profile In Male And Female Rats
by Aasma Bashir Ahmed | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Khalid Abdul Majeed | Dr. Saima Masood.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Deep-fat frying of foods is the most common and quickest method in food preparation. Numerous chemical changes occur during heating process of oils, which promotes the production of different volatile and non-volatile compounds. These noxious compounds are absorbed in the food, and ultimately enter the systemic circulation after digestion and absorption. Effects of peroxidation of biological systems come with a number of pathological manifestations including incidence of oxidative stress, glucose intolerance and atherosclerosis.
Repeatedly heated cooking oil consumption has harmful effects on anthropometric characteristics, lipid profile in male and female rats.
Thirty six adult male and female Wistar rats were selected and divided into six groups having three groups of male rats and three groups of female rats. Group-I including IA (negative control males) and IB (negative control females) were fed chow diet. Group-II including IIA and IIB were given chow diet mixed with 15% v/w fresh oil. Animals in sub-groups IIIA and IIIB were fed on chow diet mixed with 15% v/w fried oil. Body weights were recorded weekly. Organs and blood samples were collected at the end of 28 days to assess organ weights, measure plasma glucose level and lipid profile.
Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The group differences were compared by Tukey’s range test. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.
Body length of rats was not significantly affected by the feeding of single and multiple fried oil. Effects of treatment, gender and week are significant on body weights of rats. Effect of single and multiple fried oil feeding was significant on absolute weights of abdominal fat and
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liver and non- significant on absolute weights of heart, kidney and testes. Treatment effect was non-significant on relative weights of abdominal fat, heart, kidneys and testes, whereas effect was significant only on relative weights of liver. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2724-T] (1).
4.
Effects Of Dietary Supplementation Of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Powder On Redox Status, Hepatic And Kidney Function In Rats Exposed To Heat Stress
by Noor Muhammad Khan (2015-VA-07) | Dr. Khalid Abdul Majeed | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: here are a number of stressors which adversely affects the normal homeostasis of the body. One of them is heat stress which has marked damaging effect on the normal physiology of an individual. Moringa oleifera is a versatile plant from Moringaceae family. Moringa oleifera is a best food plant but it also has a large potential as a medicinal plant. Due to rich source of flavonoids, Beta- carotenes, vitamin A & D, Moringa oleifera is known as a best natural anti-oxidant. The leaves of Moringa oleifera also possess hepato-protective and renal protective activities due to its rich anti-oxidant potential.
Hypothesis:It was hypothesized that Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation will ameliorate the redox status, hepatic and kidney function in rats exposed to heat stress.
Methodology: Adult male wistar rats (n= 24) were procured and housed in stainless steel cages in the experimental animal shed of department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan. After acclimatization, rats were divided in to four groups (One control and 3 MOLP treated groups). Rats were exposed to high environmental temperature (37±1°C ) for one hour daily(12.00 PM-1.00 PM) throughout the experimental period of 21 days for the induction of heat stress(Sinha. 2007). Anti-stress properties of Moringa oleifera leaf powderwere examined by measuring biochemical parameters, i.e. redox by estimating serum malondialdehyde through assay used by(Ohkawa et al. 1979) and catalase by the same spectrophotometric protocol in accordance with the study (Hadwan et al. 2016). Analysis of liver function enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase and Alkaline phosphatase), kidney function (Blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and serum creatinine), serum
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glucose and lactate dehydrogenasewere carried out by using commercially available kits provided by Human Diagnostics, Germany.
Results:The present study revealed that Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation during heat stress has a significant effect (P<0.05) on serum redox status. Serum malondialdehyde and catalase were significantly reduced by Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation. On the other hand, Moringa oleifera leaf powder demonstrated a non-significant effect (P>0.05) on hepatic and kidney function. Serum Glucose was also not altered by powdered leaf supplementation of Moringa oleifera.
Statistical analysis: The data was analyzed by using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS software. The group differences were compared by the Tukey’s Test. Differences were considered significant at P<0.05.
Conclusion: From this study, it was concluded that Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) has a potent antioxidant potential without any marked ameliorative or deteriorative effect on hepatic and kidney functioning in heat stressed rats. Further studies are required to explore the potential of other portions of this plant in heat stress. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2783-T] (1).
5.
Effect Of Sub Chronic Exposure Of Low Doses Of Bisphenol A On Anthropometric Parameters And Lipid Profile In Rats
by Sayeda Iqra Ahmad (2011-VA-433) | Dr. Khalid Abdul Majeed | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Ms. Amina Chughtai.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Bisphenol A is an endocrine disruptor. It is monomer of polystyrene and a basic component of epoxy resins. It is carcinogenic in nature and has adverse impact on health of different animals as wells as human beings. It harms the reproductive, renal system as well as a basic reason of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of sub chronic exposure of Bisphenol A on anthropometric parameters and lipid profile in rats
Bisphenol A may elevate serum lipid profile level and increase the ratio of anthropometric parameters in rats.
Forty eight albino rats half male and half females of similar age and weight were selected. They were divided into three groups each having sixteen rats in each (8 males,8 females) and named as Group A, B and C for experimental trial of three months. Group A was referred as control group treated with only basal diet and water. Group B was treated with 0.1mg/kg (body weight) BPA with basal diet and water. Group C was treated with 1mg/kg (body weight) BPA with basal diet and water. After three months blood sample was collected by euthanizing the rats to obtain serum sample for biochemical analysis and at the same time anthropometric values were noted.
Data was analyzed via two way ANOVA using SPSS software and Post hocTukey test was applied to study and compare differences between the groups. The p value <0.05 was assumed as significant value.
At the end of this trialour studies suggest thatthe effect of Bisphenol A increased the ratio of anthropometric parameters up to a certain limit as well as it significantly effects the all nutritional parameters. It highly effectsthe concentration of HDL in serum lipid profile.
It disturbs the concentration of ALP and AST at low doses while ALT had no significant effects due to BPA. It had no significant influences on kidney metabolites e.g., creatinine urea and BUN. Glucose concentrationalso not showed any profound effect in male and female albino rats.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2868-T] (1).
6.
Effect Of Sub-Chronic Exposure Of Di-Butyl Phthalate On Serum Minerals And Bone Health In Rats
by Nisar Ahmed (2014-VA-779) | Dr. Khalid Abdul Majeed | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Saima Masood.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are exogenous compounds present worldwide. Endocrine hormone production, release, transport, binding, action or elimination is enhanced or interrupted by EDs and hence affect homeostasis, development, reproduction and behavior of organisms. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most important EDs used extensively in consumer products such as plasticizers, nail polish, paints, thermal paper and water pipes. DBP binds to estrogen receptors and enhance or interrupt the endocrine system. DBP have negative effects on bone health and serum minerals in rats. A total of 48 adult rats were divided in three main groups i.e. (16 rats in each group). Each group was sub-divided into male (8 rats) and female (8rats). Control Group: Basal rat diet was provided to control group. Group A: DBP 10mg/kg body weight daily along with basal rat diet was given to group A. DBP was dissolved in 10 % ethanol and was diluted with distilled water. Group B: DBP 50mg/kg body weight daily along with basal rat diet was given to Group B. DBP was dissolved in 10 % ethanol and was diluted with distilled water. Trial duration was 3 months and at the end rats were killed to obtain the bones, serum and muscles to observe their bone characteristics (bone length, width, and medullary canal diameter) and minerals (Zn, Fe, Cu and Ca) analysis. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA through SPSS version (SPSS Inc. version 20, Chicago, Illinois) and was presented as mean± SEM.
Femur bone length was found to be significantly higher in male rats treated with DBP 10mg/kg and 50mg/kg compared to control. The femur bone length was not affected in female rats. Rest of the parameters in bone health of tibia and femur were not affected by treatment. Bone minerals (Ca, Cu, Fe, and Zn) were also not affected by the treatment irrespective of treatments. Serum calcium was significantly higher in male rates treated with 50mg/kg DBP
CHAPTER 6
SUMMARY
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compared to control; whereas it is decreased significantly in female rats treated with 50mg/kg DBP compared to control. Serum zinc concentrations also decreased significantly in female rats treated with DBP 50mg/kg compared to control. Muscle copper concentration was significantly higher in male rats treated with 50mg/kg DBP compared to control. Iron muscle concentration was significantly increased in male and female rats treated with 50mg/kg DBP compared to control. Muscle calcium concentration was significantly decreased in male rats treated with 50mg/kg DBP compared to control. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2896-T] (1).
